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www.irf.com IRMD2231Q international rectifier ? 233 kansas street, el segundo, ca 90245 usa z ir22381q demo board without igbt power module irmd22381q demo board for 3-phase / 380v motor drives
irmd22381q www.irf.com 1 irmd22381q demo board for 3-phase / 380v motor drives irmd22381q demo board ? up to 1200v dc-bus capability ? up to 25a maximum phase current ? optional on-board phase shunt resistors ? ir22381q device connected in 3-phase + brake configuration ? on-board bootstrap supply for high-side gate drive ? full protection of phase-to-phase, dc-bus and ground short circuit by monitoring igbt de-saturation ? brake igbt de-saturation protection ? fault feedback to ground level ? trimmer programmable dead time ? anti-shoot-through management ? phase voltage feedback ? undervoltage lockout ? 3.3v digital input/output cmos compatible ? ir22381q can be replaced by ir21381q power module ? standard econo2-pim igbt module compatible ? igbt short circuit rated up to 1200v/25a. ? easy to mount heat-sink holes ir22381q demo board (shown without igbt power module) introduction the irmd22381q demo board is an evaluation board for ir 22381q gate driver (see dev ice datasheet for details). irmd22381q is designed to drive 3-phase power modules wi th pin-out compatible to econo2-pim. the board can drive ac or brushless motors using power modules with up to 25a output current. the board is a flexible solution for different applications and can be customized by means reco nfigurable components options. the control signals are 3.3v cmos compatible; three-phase shunt resistor (with sensing pi ns) can be placed for current loop control; power module short circuits are managed by ir22381q by synchronization of the igbts turn off. board layout reduces the noise coupling between high and low voltage signals. application block diagram (refer to connections section to see the interface pins) this diagram shows the main blocks and connections of the demo board and the external components necessary in a typical motor drive application. dcbus ac/dc conveter system control 3-phase half bridge (power module) low voltage power supply shunt resistor ir22381q shunt resistor shunt resistor 3-phase current sensor motor irmd22381q + power module
irmd22381q www.irf.com 2 table of contents introduction ................................................................................................................... ............................1 table of contents.............................................................................................................. ..............................2 parameters..................................................................................................................... ................................3 the ir22 381q................................................................................................................... .............................3 the power module ............................................................................................................... ..........................3 important notice............................................................................................................... ..............................3 board conne ctors ............................................................................................................... ....................4 connection with the system controller .......................................................................................... .................4 fault logi c signal ............................................................................................................. ............................5 dcf............................................................................................................................ ....................................5 rt+ and rt- .................................................................................................................... ..............................5 vfhx a nd vflx.................................................................................................................. ............................5 vcc suppl y pin ................................................................................................................. .............................5 vss ground pin (gnd) ........................................................................................................... .......................5 5v ............................................................................................................................. ......................................5 connecting the cu rrent sensors ................................................................................................. ....................6 high power signal connector.................................................................................................... ......................6 connecting the power module .................................................................................................... ...................6 test points .................................................................................................................... .................................7 test bench connection .......................................................................................................... ................8 operating d escription.......................................................................................................... ..................9 normal oper ating mode .......................................................................................................... .......................9 fault m anagem ent ............................................................................................................... ..........................9 multilevel boar d solution ...................................................................................................... ..........................9 precharge of the boot strapped se ctions ......................................................................................... ...............9 board custom ization............................................................................................................ .................10 bootstrap circuit .............................................................................................................. .............................10 gate resistances ............................................................................................................... ...........................10 other extra co mponents ......................................................................................................... ...........11 desat circuit .................................................................................................................. ...............................11 clamping diode for vs below ground ............................................................................................. .............12 rc filter on com pin ........................................................................................................... .........................13 fast diode between ga te and su pply pi n ......................................................................................... ............13 zener diode to preser ve the igbt gate .......................................................................................... .............14 optional output shunt re sistor ................................................................................................. .....................14 resistor on v cc ............................................................................................................................... ...............14 bill of ma terial ............................................................................................................... ........................15 schematic layout............................................................................................................... .....................17 layout ......................................................................................................................... .................................22 table of figures figure 1: top image of board ................................................................................................... ........................4 figure 2: led connection ....................................................................................................... ...........................5 figure 3: test bench conne ction ................................................................................................ .......................8 figure 7: bootst rap circuit.................................................................................................... ............................10 figure 8: desat ex ternal filter ................................................................................................ ..........................11 figure 9: -v s clamp ......................................................................................................................... .................12 figure 10: com below ground protection......................................................................................... ...............13 figure 11: collector-gat e current pr otection ................................................................................... ................13 figure 12: zener clam p for igbt gate........................................................................................... ..................14
irmd22381q www.irf.com 3 parameters values description, condition input power dc+ 0 to 1200v dc bus voltage positive with 1200v power module dc- ground dc bus voltage negative v cc 15v typ low voltage power supply. follow ir22381q datasheet for supply setting v ss ground low voltage ground i cc 25 ma (max) quiescent vcc current output power i lmax 25a @25c max phase dc output current control inputs/outputs 40 pin connector j1 i/os 3.3v to 15v compatible see ? board connectors ? section on page 4 the ir22381q the ir22381q is a high voltage, 3-phase igbt driver best suited for ac motor drive applications. integrated desaturation logic provides all mode of overcurrent protection, including ground fault protection. the sensing desaturation input is provided by active bias stage to reject noise. soft shut down is predominantly initiated in the event of overcurrent followed by turn-off of all six outputs. a shutdown input is provided for a customized shutdown function. the dt pin allows external resi stor to program the deadtime. output drivers have separate turn on/off pins with two stage turn-on output to achieve the desired di/dt switching level of igbt. voltage feedback provides accura te volt x second measurement. for further technical information see the ir22381q datasheet at http://www.irf.com. the power module irmd22381q demo board is econo2-pim compatible with standard pin out. important notice irmd22381q demo board is supplied with a tentative bill of material suitable for a 1200v/10a@100c power module. the bom presented on page 15 provides a suggestion for the above mentioned power module. it is strongly recommended to customize the demo board to fit the application requirements for the power module that has been chosen. suggestions on passive sizing are also av ailable in dt04-4 at http://www.irf.com.
irmd22381q www.irf.com 4 board connectors figure 1: top image of board connection with the system controller on board there is a 40 pins connector for the control signals. the driver board uses 26 pins. the remaining pins are for the sensing board (ircs2277s) that can be connected on top of irmd22381q board. table 1: 40-pin connector j1 hinu/n 1 2 linu 4 5v fault/n 5 6 sd 8 brin/n 12 hinv/n linv 13 vss 17 18 vss vss ? rt- 19 20 vss rt+ 21 24 hinw/n linw 25 26 dcf vfhu 29 30 vfhv vfhw 31 32 vflu vflv 33 34 vflw vcc 37 38 vcc vcc 39 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 40 vcc j1 p1 p2 p3
irmd22381q www.irf.com 5 input logical signals hinu/ n, linu, hinv/n, linv, hinw/n, linw, brin/n, sd these logic inputs are 5v and 3.3 v compatible cmos i/o ports. the logic signals ending with ?/n? are active low. the board is populated with pull-up and pull-do wn resistors (to 5v supply) in order to keep inputs tied to supplies when controller is st ill inactive. hinx/n turns on the high si de igbt while linx the low side. when both hinx/n and linx of the same phase are acti ve at the same time an internal anti-shot trough circuit turns off the output drivers. fault logic signal this is an output, open drain, logic signal. the logic signal is active low, tied to connector v cc with a 1k ? pull-up resistor. it reports the power module fault (i gbt desaturation detection, latched signal) or the v cc undervoltage (unlatched). on board a red led (dl2) indicates when the signal is active; figure 2a shows the connection. dcf dc plus feedback voltage (dcf pin) is connec ted to a resistor divider tied from dc+ to v ss (dc-) and clamped by a 5v zener. at dc+= 330v, dcf 1.4v. rt+ and rt- rt+ and rt-, thermistor output, are connected to t he corresponding rt+, rt- pi ns of the power module. note: rt- is starred to vss at pin 19 of the j1 connector in the irmd22381q pcb. vfhx and vflx voltage feedback outputs from irmd22381q note : further information about ir22381q i/os are des cribed in details in ir22381q datasheet. v cc supply pin this is the supply pin for all the devices. on board a green led (dl1) indicates the supply power on; figure 2b shows the connection. figure 2: led connection v ss ground pin (gnd) the board ground is connected to the power module dc- pin. the v ss pin of the connector and the devices ground pin are star-connected to the dc- pin. dc- st ar connection has been chosen to reduce the noise coupled from the floating signals. 5v 5v input supply for fault, vfx and inputs pull-ups. 5v fault 1k v cc vss 3.3k (a) (b) red green
irmd22381q www.irf.com 6 connecting the current sensors p1, p2 and p3 are connected with the optional shunt resistors placed on the phase output nodes. connector p1 shu+ (motor side) 1 shu- (power module side) 2 u 3 1 2 3 connector p2 shv+ (motor side) 1 shv- (power module side) 2 v 3 1 2 3 connector p3 shw+ (motor side) 1 shw- (power module side) 2 w 3 1 2 3 table 2: p1, p2 and p3 connectors for kelvin contacts to shunt signals shu, shv and shw are sense pins connect ed to the shunt resistors terminals. high power signal connector there connectors dedicated to each power signal (dc+ , dc-, out+bridge, out-bridge, u, v, w). each single connector has 25 ampere of maximum nominal dc current. dc bus traces are both on top and on other internal layers of the pc board in order to reduce power dissipation. connectors, dc-bus, phase and ground wires can be soldered directly on board using th e corresponding pads located under the power connectors (to be removed). connecting the power module the board is fully compatible with the econo2-pim power module. the following table shows the module pin-out. connection points between board and module 1 u bridge 2 v bridge 3 w bridge 4 phase u 5 phase v 6 phase w 7 brake ? brake igbt drain output 8 rt+ - thermistor positive pin
irmd22381q www.irf.com 7 9 rt- - thermistor negative pin 10 dc-sense phase u, v, w - low side igbt emitter 11 vglw - phase w - low side igbt gate 12 vglv - phase v - low side igbt gate 13 vglu - phase u - low side igbt gate 14 vgbr - brake igbt gate 15 vehw - phase w - high side igbt emitter 16 vghw - phase w - high side igbt gate 17 vehv - phase v - high side igbt emitter 18 vghv - phase v - high side igbt gate 19 vehu - phase u - high side igbt emitter 20 vghu - phase u - high side igbt gate 21 out+bridge ? input rectifier positive output 22 dc+ 23 out-bridge ? input rectifier negative output 24 dc- (gnd) table 3: high power module connection test points test points on board provide signals that are not available at the c onnectors. see the following table: one for each channel (ch1 ? u, ch2 ? v, ch3 ? w) v b1,2,3 high side floating supply voltage v s1,2,3 high side floating supply offset voltage dsh 1,2,3 high side desat input voltage dsl 1,2,3 low side desat input voltage other fault fault and shut down (or-wired) dsb brake desat input voltage br brake igbt gate v cc low side and logic fixed supply voltage gnd device v ss com dc-sense ? common low side emitter voltage table 4: test points
irmd22381q www.irf.com 8 test bench connection irmd22381q does not provide opto isolation. the following picture shows the recommended connections for board evaluation. bold lines are equipotential (dc-=vss=gnd). figure 3: test bench connection controller board flat cable or direct connection (preferred) via female connector, to provide signals and supply (vcc=15v typ) low voltage supply high voltage supply oscilloscope v cc vdd v ss gnd dc- dc+ u v w
irmd22381q www.irf.com 9 operating description normal operating mode in the normal operating mode when hin/n or lin is active the high or low side igbt turns on respectively. turn on and turn off propagation delays and the propagat ion delay matching are specified in the ir22381q datasheet. devices introduce also the deadtime which is programmable (see product datasheet for details). fault management the ir22381q is able to detect the excessive curren t increase by monitoring the igbt desaturation. the fault management procedure starts when one of the drivers senses the igbt desaturation. the procedure is totally managed by an integrated fa ult logic block without the controller assistance. multilevel board solution with the optional shunt resistor the irmd22381q dr iver board can be connected with the ircs2277s current sensing board through j1 and p1, p2, and p3 connectors. more information is available in ircs2277s demo board data sheet. precharge of the bootstrapped sections high voltage gate driver outputs are su pplied by bootstrap topology technique. it?s recommended to precharge the bootstrap supplies befor e starting to drive the motor with the preferred driving scheme.
irmd22381q www.irf.com 10 board customization this demo board is meant to be flexible for self-customization. place for many spare components allow verifying functionality of the gate driver under different external configurations. this section will go thro ugh the possible customiz ations of the board. bootstrap circuit the high side floating supply (v bs ) is provided by a bootstrap capacitor. figure 4 shows the circuit on board. figure 4: bootstrap circuit the following table shows the names of these components on board. u v w c vcc c004 c004 c004 c boot * c101 c201 c301 c boot ** c104 c204 c304 r boot * r101 r201 r301 r boot ** r106 r206 r306 gate resistances the following table shows the names of gate resistances on board. u v w high side gate to hop r103 r203 r303 vcc vss v b v s r boot * r boot ** 15v d boot c boot * ir22381q (1 leg) c vcc c boot ** dc+ vgh veh vgl vel phase +
irmd22381q www.irf.com 11 high side gate to hoq r104 r204 r304 high side gate to hon r105 r205 r305 low side gate to lop r108 r208 r308 low side gate to loq r109 r209 r309 low side gate to lon r110 r210 r310 brake gate to br r408 other extra components these components are provided to make irmd22381q bo ard as customizable as possible. in many cases the use of the extra components is not necessary. desat circuit the ir22381q is able to detect the igbt desaturation. to reject the noise on the desat pins the ir22381q have an internal filter of 1sec. if this is not enou gh an rc filter has been placed on board (see figure 8, r dsh , c dsh and r dsl , c dsl ). figure 5: desat external filter external c filter (r is provided internally~100kohm) delays desaturation detection, that causes a delay in turning the igbt off. consider this dela y when sizing the soft-shut-down resistors. the following table shows the names of these components on board. u v w c dsh c102 c202 c302 c dsl c103 c203 c303 c dsb c403 vcc vss v b v s 15v ir22381q (1 leg) c vcc dc+ vgh veh vgl vel phase com dsh r dsl c dsl high side desat diode low side desat diode c dsh bias bias dsl vcc
irmd22381q www.irf.com 12 clamping diode for vs below ground this solution preserves the device when the v s pin goes below ground out of the device absolute maximum ratings. the v s voltage is clamped to the maximum value allowed by a zener diode. figure 6: -v s clamp the following table shows the names of these components on board. u v w diode d104 d204 d304 zener z102 z202 z302 vcc vss v b v s r boot * r boot ** 15v d boot c boot * ir22381q (1 leg) c vcc c boot ** dc+ vgh veh vgl vel phase + clamping structure with zener diode
irmd22381q www.irf.com 13 rc filter on com pin an rc filter (r com , c com ) is provided to preserve the ic device from low side igbt emitter undervoltage spikes. figure 7: com below ground protection the following table shows the names of these components on board. u, v, w c com c101 r com r006 fast diode between gate and supply pin on all low and high side drivers a fast diode is provided to clamp the gate coming over the v cc or v b supply pins and to recover the current coming from the collector node through the gate-collector capacitance. figure 8: collector-gate current protection the following table shows the names of these components on board. u v w (high side) d g d103 d203 d303 (low side) d g d105 d205 d305 (brake) d g d405 on com gate driver r goff r com vcc vss c com c vcc q l dc+ v out d h v g v e r gate v cc r onp d pn d g
irmd22381q www.irf.com 14 zener diode to preserve the igbt gate to avoid a v ge increasing over the absolute maximum rating a zener diode is connected between gate and emitter pins on all the igbts. figure 9: zener clamp for igbt gate the following table shows the names of these components on board. u v w (high side) zener z101 z201 z301 (low side) zener z103 z203 z303 (brake) zener z403 optional output shunt resistor two type of output shunt resistor, for current sensor, are possible see the following table: u v w to220 or r111 r211 r311 oars-1 r111a // r111b r211a // r211b r311a // r311b the oars-1 type (a and b) are connected in parallel. resistor on v cc provided to decouple v cc from supply line. u, v, w vcc decoupling r001 gnd q l d l v out v cc v ss gate driver high side driver low side driver v s load dc+ com r boot r com low voltage supply
irmd22381q www.irf.com 15 bill of material the hereafter provided boms represent a suggestion based on the igbt characteristics shown below.
irmd22381q www.irf.com 17
irmd22381q www.irf.com 18
irmd22381q www.irf.com 19
irmd22381q www.irf.com 20 layout top silk
irmd22381q www.irf.com 21 top layer
irmd22381q www.irf.com 22 int1 layer
irmd22381q www.irf.com 23 int2 layer
irmd22381q www.irf.com 24 bot layer
irmd22381q www.irf.com 25 bot silk world headquarters: 233 kansas street, el segundo, california 90245 tel: (310) 252-7105 http://www.irf.com/ data and specifications subject to change witho ut notice. 5/26/2005

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